I do have a serious question though and that is, are there instances where the weapon is stamped, say . 357 sig, but has a .40 barrel in it, and the wrong ammunition is chambered and fired? Obviously this could be any caliber configuration. TG
While a possibility, in any weapon system, Sig marks their barrels with what it is chambered in. Here again "user" responsibility has to be "enforced".
While a .40 S&W round would likely have the projectile driven back into the case, it would not chamber far enough to be fired. A .357 Sig round would likely chamber into a .40 S&W Chamber, however if it was able to ignite, the loss of pressure from the smaller diameter projectile would likely not cycle the pistol, and there is no telling where the projectile would "go", but just not very far from the muzzle.
Situations such as substituting .300 Blackout in a .223 Remington/5.56 NATO on the other hand would, and has lead to disaster. As the .300 Blackout projectile would be driven back into the case, and have "No Where" to go, leading up to excessive pressure, and a likely blown barrel/receiver/bolt assembly.
Years ago, while in LE, our Chief would give us a loaded magazine, for malfunction training. There could be a "dummy" round, or even a .380 Auto round, in the 9mm magazine. The .380 would "fire" but not operate the action, for a "Failure to Eject" malfunction, while a "dummy" would give a "Failure to Fire". You never knew when it would happen, during the "Shoot-N-Move" exercise.