One trick is to put permanent marker covering both sides near the edge. As you sharpen you can then tell if you have the correct angle and are removing the intended metal and actually working the cutting edge.
This is actually a wonderful suggestion ... especially if you are just starting out in freehand sharpening. For some 40 years I have sharpened on bench stones and still there will be a knife that has some funky angle and makes me want to throw it at a wall.
I regain my composure and break out the marker .. done!
I have three arkansas stones and one fine Diamond hone and one coarse.
Now having said all that .... About a month ago I sold off some tools and bought a cheap 6 inch bench grinder. I also bought 8" paper wheels. They come in kits and there are a few places making them and it varies in price.
Here is a good Youtube vid
I also bought a 3 pack of 8 inch buffing wheels. A yellow, white and flannel.
The wife uses the flannel for jewelry.
For anything that is dull but not torn up the Yellow buffing wheel with some brown rouge and I can make it shave in 5 minutes.
If its a harder steel or something that I negelegted for some time then after the paper wheels I do the yellow buffing and I can easily shave with it.
Its also fun as hell to do!!
You can get a cheap 6 inch grinder for about $50. I paid much more than that for my Arkansas stones years ago.